Cataract in Adults and Seniors: Symptoms, Surgery, and Recovery
- The Straits Eye Centre
- Sep 19
- 4 min read
Introduction: Why Cataract Awareness Matters
Cataract is one of the leading causes of visual impairment in adults and seniors worldwide. In Singapore, it is also among the most common age-related eye conditions, typically developing after age 60. Cataracts occur when the clear lens inside the eye becomes cloudy, making vision blurry, hazy, or dim.
While cataracts are part of the natural ageing process, they can significantly impact independence, safety, and quality of life if left untreated. The good news is that cataract surgery is one of the safest and most effective procedures available, with high success rates when performed under specialist care.
This article explains the causes, symptoms, treatment options, and recovery journey for cataracts, giving you the knowledge you need to make informed decisions.
What Are Cataracts?
A cataract is the clouding of the eye’s natural lens, which normally helps focus light onto the retina for clear vision. When the lens becomes cloudy, vision is impaired.
Key facts:
Cataracts usually develop gradually.
Both eyes are typically affected, but one may progress faster.
Surgery is the only proven treatment once cataracts interfere with daily life.
Causes of Cataracts in Adults and Seniors
Ageing: The most common cause, as proteins in the lens break down over time.
Medical conditions: Diabetes increases cataract risk.
Medications: Long-term use of steroids.
Lifestyle factors: Smoking and excessive alcohol use.
UV exposure: Sunlight can accelerate cataract formation.
Eye trauma or surgery: Secondary cataracts may form.
Symptoms of Cataracts
Symptoms vary depending on the stage but may include:
Blurry or cloudy vision.
Sensitivity to light and glare.
Difficulty seeing at night.
Fading or yellowing of colours.
Seeing “halos” around lights.
Frequent changes in glasses prescription.
Risks of Untreated Cataracts
Without treatment, cataracts can cause:
Severe visual impairment or blindness.
Increased risk of falls and accidents in seniors.
Difficulty with reading, driving, or recognising faces.
Reduced independence and quality of life.
When Should You Consider Cataract Surgery?
Cataract surgery is recommended when vision problems interfere with daily tasks. For some, this may be difficulty reading; for others, it could be unsafe driving at night. Early consultation with an eye specialist ensures timely advice.
Cataract Surgery: What to Expect
Cataract surgery is a safe and effective procedure performed under local anaesthesia. The cloudy lens is removed and replaced with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL).
Step-by-step overview:
Pre-surgery eye assessment.
Local anaesthetic applied.
Cloudy lens removed using ultrasound or laser-assisted techniques.
Clear lens implant inserted.
Outpatient procedure, usually completed in under 30 minutes.
Types of Intraocular Lenses (IOLs)
Monofocal lenses: Provide clear vision at one distance (usually distance).
Multifocal lenses: Allow clearer vision at both near and distance.
Toric lenses: Correct astigmatism.
The choice of lens depends on lifestyle needs, eye health, and doctor’s recommendations.
Recovery After Cataract Surgery
Recovery is usually smooth and straightforward:
Many patients notice clearer vision within a few days.
Light activities can be resumed quickly.
Complete healing may take 4–6 weeks.
Eye drops are prescribed to reduce inflammation and prevent infection.
Avoid strenuous exercise or rubbing the eye until cleared by the doctor.
Medisave and Insurance Coverage
In Singapore, cataract surgery is Medisave-claimable up to MOH-approved limits, and many insurance plans also cover the procedure. Patients should confirm eligibility with their doctor and insurer before surgery.
Lifestyle and Prevention Tips
While cataracts cannot be fully prevented, healthy habits may help slow progression:
Wear sunglasses with UV protection.
Maintain a balanced diet rich in antioxidants.
Manage chronic conditions like diabetes.
Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol.
Schedule regular eye screenings after age 50.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Are cataracts painful?
No. Cataracts develop gradually and do not cause pain, though they impair vision.
2. Can glasses treat cataracts?
Glasses may temporarily improve vision, but surgery is the only definitive treatment.
3. Is cataract surgery safe?
Yes. It is one of the most common and successful eye surgeries performed worldwide.
4. How long does cataract surgery take?
Typically 20–30 minutes per eye, as a day procedure.
5. Can cataracts come back after surgery?
No, but some patients may develop posterior capsule opacification (PCO), treated easily with a quick laser procedure.
6. What is the recovery time?
Most people resume daily activities within a few days, with full healing in 4–6 weeks.
7. Do both eyes get operated on at the same time?
Usually, each eye is operated on separately with a gap of a few weeks.
8. How do I know if I need surgery now?
If cataracts are affecting daily tasks like reading, driving, or safety, surgery should be considered.
Meet Our Specialists
At The Straits Eye Centre, your vision care is in the hands of a dedicated team of experienced ophthalmologists. Each of our doctors brings unique expertise and a shared commitment to delivering thorough, patient-focused care for all ages. Whether you need advanced cataract surgery, paediatric eye management, or treatment for complex eye conditions, our team works together to provide the same attentive care we would want for our own families.
Dr Jayant V Iyer
Senior Consultant & Medical Director
Special interest: Cataract, Glaucoma, General Ophthalmology With specialist training in Singapore and the UK, Dr Jayant V Iyer has served as Head of Department at Sengkang General Hospital and Senior Consultant at Tan Tock Seng Hospital. He is committed to delivering safe, precise surgical care with clear communication at every stage.
Dr Jason Lee
Senior Consultant & Medical Director
Special interest: Oculoplastics, General Ophthalmology, Myopia, Cataract, Diabetic Retinopathy Dr Jason Lee has extensive training in eyelid, orbital, and tear system surgery, with fellowships completed in Taiwan and China. Previously a Senior Consultant at Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, he co-founded The Vision Mission, a non-profit bringing sustainable eye care to communities in Asia.
Cost, Medisave, and Insurance
Many procedures at The Straits Eye Centre are eligible for Medisave claims under MOH guidelines, and certain insurance plans may cover part or all of your treatment costs. Our patient care team will guide you through eligibility, claim limits, and paperwork, so you can focus on your recovery. For more details, refer to our Medisave & Insurance Guide.
Secure Your Appointment at The Straits Eye Centre
at Parkway East Hospital
Your vision health deserves timely and professional attention. Book your appointment now at our Parkway East Hospital clinic and take the first step towards clearer, healthier sight.
