Corneal Ulcers and Infections: Protecting Your Vision
- The Straits Eye Centre
- Sep 20
- 3 min read
Introduction: When Eye Infections Become Emergencies
Your cornea is the clear, dome-shaped surface that helps focus light onto the retina. When it becomes infected or ulcerated, vision can deteriorate rapidly. Corneal ulcers and infections are among the most urgent eye conditions, requiring immediate medical attention. Left untreated, they can cause scarring, blindness, or even loss of the eye.
In Singapore, eye specialists see rising cases linked to contact lens wear, eye trauma, and dry eye disease. Knowing the early signs and when to act could save your sight.
What Is a Corneal Ulcer?
A corneal ulcer is an open sore on the cornea, often caused by infection, trauma, or severe dryness.
Bacterial ulcers are common in contact lens users.
Viral ulcers often stem from herpes simplex virus.
Fungal ulcers may follow injury from plant material.
Parasitic ulcers (Acanthamoeba) can occur in poor lens hygiene.
Causes and Risk Factors
Improper contact lens use (overnight wear, poor hygiene).
Eye trauma or scratches.
Chronic dry eye or eyelid disease.
Weakened immune system.
Exposure to contaminated water (swimming with lenses).
Viral infections like herpes simplex.
Symptoms of Corneal Ulcers and Infections
Sudden eye pain and redness.
Blurred or hazy vision.
Tearing or discharge.
Sensitivity to light (photophobia).
Feeling of something stuck in the eye.
White or grey spot on the cornea.
If these symptoms appear, urgent specialist care is needed.
Complications if Left Untreated
Corneal scarring.
Vision loss or blindness.
Eye perforation.
Spread of infection to other parts of the eye.
Diagnosis
An eye specialist may use:
Slit-lamp examination to assess the ulcer.
Corneal scrapings for lab analysis.
Fluorescein dye test to highlight corneal damage.
Treatment Options
Medical Treatments
Antibiotic, antiviral, or antifungal eye drops depending on cause.
Oral medications for severe cases.
Pain-relieving or anti-inflammatory drops.
Surgical Treatments
Corneal transplant if vision is severely damaged.
Emergency procedures for perforated cornea.
Supportive Care
Strict discontinuation of contact lenses.
Close monitoring and follow-up visits.
Prevention Tips
Practice proper contact lens hygiene.
Avoid swimming with contact lenses.
Protect eyes from trauma with safety glasses.
Manage underlying eye conditions like dry eye or blepharitis.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Are corneal ulcers contagious?
Bacterial or viral causes may spread, but fungal ulcers are not contagious. The condition itself requires urgent care regardless of type.
2. Can I treat a corneal infection at home?
No. Home remedies cannot cure ulcers. Medical treatment is essential to prevent permanent vision loss.
3. How quickly do corneal ulcers worsen?
They can progress rapidly, sometimes within 24–48 hours, making early treatment crucial.
4. Are contact lens wearers more at risk?
Yes. Poor hygiene, extended wear, and overnight lens use increase the risk of bacterial or parasitic infections.
5. Will I need surgery for a corneal ulcer?
Not always. Most cases resolve with intensive medical therapy, but severe scarring may require a corneal transplant.
6. How can I tell if my eye redness is serious?
If redness is accompanied by pain, discharge, or blurred vision, seek urgent evaluation.
7. Can dry eye cause ulcers?
Yes. Severe untreated dry eye can damage the corneal surface, increasing ulcer risk.
8. What happens if I delay treatment?
Delays can lead to permanent vision loss, corneal scarring, or even loss of the eye.
Meet Our Specialist
At The Straits Eye Centre, your vision care is in the hands of a dedicated team of experienced ophthalmologists. Each of our doctors brings unique expertise and a shared commitment to delivering thorough, patient-focused care for all ages. Whether you need advanced cataract surgery, paediatric eye management, or treatment for complex eye conditions, our team works together to provide the same attentive care we would want for our own families.
Dr Jason Lee
Senior Consultant & Medical Director
Special interest: Oculoplastics, General Ophthalmology, Myopia, Cataract, Diabetic Retinopathy Dr Jason Lee has extensive training in eyelid, orbital, and tear system surgery, with fellowships completed in Taiwan and China. Previously a Senior Consultant at Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, he co-founded The Vision Mission, a non-profit bringing sustainable eye care to communities in Asia.
Cost, Medisave, and Insurance
Many procedures at The Straits Eye Centre are eligible for Medisave claims under MOH guidelines, and certain insurance plans may cover part or all of your treatment costs. Our patient care team will guide you through eligibility, claim limits, and paperwork, so you can focus on your recovery. For more details, refer to our Medisave & Insurance Guide.
Secure Your Appointment at The Straits Eye Centre
at Parkway East Hospital
Your vision health deserves timely and professional attention. Book your appointment now at our Parkway East Hospital clinic and take the first step towards clearer, healthier sight.
